DENSE_RANK in SQL SERVER

DENSE_RANK

Returns the rank of rows within the partition of a result set, without any gaps in the ranking. The rank of a row is one plus the number of distinct ranks that come before the row in question.

Example: 

USE AdventureWorks2012;

GO

SELECT 

    i.ProductID,

    p.Name, 

    i.LocationID, 

    i.Quantity

    ,DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY i.LocationID ORDER BY i.Quantity DESC) AS    

    Rank

FROM 

       Production.ProductInventory AS i

INNER JOIN 

       Production.Product AS p  ON i.ProductID = p.ProductID

WHERE 

         i.LocationID BETWEEN 3 AND 4

ORDER BY 

          i.LocationID;

GO